IPR

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Last summer, the Federal Circuit affirmed the Patent Trial and Appeal Board’s determination that claims in a pair of patents owned by Agilent Technologies claiming chemically modified CRISPR guide RNAs are unpatentable. Agilent Techs., Inc. v. Synthego Corp., 139 F.4th 1319 (Fed. Cir. 2025). The court agreed that an earlier published international patent application filed by Pioneer Hi‑Bred sufficiently described these guide RNAs and enabled at least one embodiment within the scope of the challenged claims. The decision highlights the application of the substantial-evidence standard for reviewing the Board’s factual findings, and reinforces the presumption that printed publications are enabled prior art.Continue Reading The Power of Prophetic Disclosures

The Federal Circuit’s decision last fall in Merck Serono S.A. v. Hopewell Pharma Ventures, Inc., Appeals 2025‑1210, ‑1211 (Fed. Cir. Oct. 30, 2025), reh’g and reh’g en banc denied (Jan. 22, 2026) (link), offers important guidance on the meaning of disclosures “by another” under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. §§ 102(a) and (e)—a word-pairing that often determines whether a reference qualifies as prior art during prosecution and in litigation (including in inter partes review (IPR) proceedings).* The court’s opinion not only affirmed the Patent Trial and Appeal Board’s conclusion of obviousness in these IPRs but also clarified the legal standard for inventive entity identity, drawing heavily on the CCPA’s decision in In re Land, 368 F.2d 866 (CCPA 1966).Continue Reading The High Hurdles in Disqualifying Prior Art

Practitioners before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board are well-acquainted with the statutory bar on judicial review of institution decisions. But what happens when the Board defers—for more than a year—a decision to rehear its non-institution decision, waiting for the Federal Circuit to clarify claim construction in parallel litigation involving the same patent and same parties? In Ethanol Boosting Systems, LLC v. Ford Motor Company, Appeal 2024-1381 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 23, 2025) (“EBS”), the Federal Circuit addressed this scenario, providing a practical reminder of the limits of appellate review and the Board’s procedural discretion.Continue Reading PTAB’s Delay in Instituting IPRs Is Not Reviewable on Appeal

As discussed in a recent post, On May 21, 2024, the Federal Circuit issued its en banc decision in LKQ Corp. v. GM Global Tech. Operations LLC, significantly impacting design patent law. The court overturned the long-standing Rosen–Durling test, a two-part test used to assess the obviousness of design patents. This decision is expected to have far-reaching implications for patent practitioners and clients alike.Continue Reading Federal Circuit Abandons Rosen-Durling Test for Design Patent Obviousness

Can a defendant who prevails in an exceptional patent infringement suit by invalidating the patent in inter partes review (IPR) recover its associated Patent Office-related attorney’s fees? A split three-judge panel of the Federal Circuit recently said no in Dragon Intellectual Property LLC v. Dish Networks LLC, Appeal Nos. 2022-1621, -1777, Slip Op. at 8 (Fed. Cir. May 20, 2024) (“Dragon V”). This blogsite previously discussed (link) several instances where courts, including the Federal Circuit, have authorized this recovery when the Patent Office proceedings substituted for aspects of the district court litigation between the same parties. How then did this two-judge majority conclude otherwise?Continue Reading Federal Circuit Holds Recoverability of Attorney’s Fees Does Not Extend to AIA Trials

On June 30th, the Federal Circuit granted a petition for re-hearing en banc in LKQ Corp. v. GM Global Tech. Operations LLC.[1] LKQ, an auto parts repair vendor for GM, successfully petitioned for inter partes review of GM’s design patent for a front fender design,[2] arguing it was anticipated by a prior art reference (Lain) and obvious over Lian alone or in combination with a brochure for the 2010 Hyundai Tucson. The PTAB ultimately affirmed the patentability of GM’s claimed design, prompting LKQ to appeal to the Federal Circuit. On appeal, LKQ argued that the PTAB’s obviousness analysis utilized tests overruled by the Supreme Court’s decision in KSR, and, as such, the obviousness standard for design patents should mirror the standard for utility patents set forth in KSR. However, a three-judge panel of the Federal Circuit disagreed, noting in relevant part that “it is not clear the Supreme Court has overruled” the tests for obviousness applied by the PTAB.Continue Reading Federal Circuit to Decide Whether KSR Applies to Design Patents

Can a petitioner’s reply in an IPR proceeding present new arguments and evidence responding to a proposed claim construction first raised in the patent owner’s response?  In Axonics, Inc. v. Medtronic, Inc., Nos. 2022-1532, 2022-1533 (Fed. Cir. Aug. 7, 2023), the Federal Circuit answered in the affirmative, vacating the PTAB’s final written decision of…

After the Supreme Court’s decision in United States v. Arthrex, Inc., the Patent Office implemented an interim process for the Director to review Patent Trial and Appeal Board decisions in AIA trials. The Office sought public feedback on the process last year (link) and received more than 4,000 responses (link)! The process has yet to be formalized via traditional notice and comment rulemaking, though someday, perhaps, it will. Until then, the Patent Office continues to offer new updates and information, most recently on July 24, 2023.Continue Reading PTAB Updates and Expands the Director Review Process and Offers Transparency in Ex Parte Appeals

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In Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GMBH v. Mylan Pharms, Inc., No. 21-1981 (Fed. Cir. May 9, 2023), the Federal Circuit reversed the PTAB’s finding that Sanofi’s patent claims were obvious, determining the PTAB used the wrong test for deciding whether an existing patent was “analogous” to the one being challenged.

Mylan Pharmaceuticals had asserted all claims…

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The Patent Office’s Director recently notified the Patent Public Advisory Committee (PPAC) of the Office’s intent to set or adjust several fees that patent applicants, patent owners, and those challenging patents in AIA trials must pay. For applicants, this includes fee increases for filing applications and tiered fees for filing terminal disclaimers. This also includes tiered fees for filing continuation applications more than three or seven years after the earliest claimed benefit application was filed. Part of those fees are to offset the lost maintenance fees that patents issuing from those applications would otherwise incur had they been filed and issued earlier—obtaining revenue from maintenance fees purportedly helps reduce examination costs.Continue Reading Patent Office Proposes Increasing AIA Trial Fees

Resources & Info

Arthrex and the Supreme Court Resource Center

In United States v. Arthrex, Inc., the Supreme Court has heard whether 125+ PTAB decisions rendered through October 2019 must be remanded for new decisions. Read about how that issue developed through our post.

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Our Team

PTABWatch, provided by Marshall, Gerstein & Borun LLP, analyzes and reports recent developments concerning Post-Grant Proceedings at the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), including Inter Partes Review (IPR), Post Grant Review (PGR), and Covered Business Method (CBM) proceedings.